蓦山溪·赠衡阳妓陈湘
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宋代]：黄庭坚
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鸳鸯翡翠，小小思珍偶。眉黛敛秋波，尽湖南、山明水秀。娉娉袅袅，恰近十三余，春未透。花枝瘦。正是愁时候。
寻花载酒。肯落谁人后。只恐远归来，绿成阴、青梅如豆。心期得处，每自不由人，长亭柳。君知否。千里犹回首。
蓦山溪·赠衡阳妓陈湘鉴赏
《蓦山溪》又名《上阳春》，“赠衡阳妓陈湘”又作“别意”。这是一首赠别的词。
上片写陈湘的天生丽质，豆蔻年华，而又柔情脉脉，春愁恹恹，使人魂飞心醉，我见犹怜。下片写词人载酒寻芳，临别伤怀，后约无期的怅惘心情。前者重绘形，故我绮语；后者重抒情，颇具风韵。全词运用铺叙的手法，层次分明。
鸳鸯翡翠，小小思珍偶。眉黛敛秋波，尽湖南、山明水秀。娉娉嫋嫋，恰似十三余，春未透，花枝瘦，正是愁时候。寻花载酒，肯落谁人后。只恐远归来，绿成阴，青梅如豆。心期得处，每自不由人，长亭柳，君知否，千里犹回首？
上片首二句先写陈湘年少怀春的内心活动。鸳鸯、翡翠，皆偶禽。雄者为鸳，雌者为鸯。《说文》：“翡，赤羽雀也。翠，青羽雀也。”雄赤曰翡，雌青曰翠。
接下来两句，以远山秋波，比喻陈湘的眉清目秀。“山明水秀”与“眉黛”、“秋波”相应，言其眉如山之明，眼如水之秀。把美人的眼比作秋波，眉比作远山，是我国古代诗文中所习见的。王观《卜算子》的“水是眼波横，山是眉峰聚”即为一范例。末五句，以春花的娇嫩鲜艳，比喻陈湘的年轻貌美。妙词人不着痕迹地点染了杜牧《赠别》的“娉娉嫋嫋十三馀，豆蔻梢头二月初”的诗句，含蓄而婉转地把陈湘的婀娜身段、锦绣年华勾勒了出来。又以“透”、“瘦”、“愁”三字分别写出陈湘的情窦初开、腰肢苗条和多愁善感。艳而不冶，媚而不妖，清丽纤巧，情韵兼胜，其构思之委婉曲折，低回往复，出人意表。
片前两句写结识陈湘，唯恐不早。一种急于谋面、一倾积愫的感情，溢于言表，不言倾慕，而爱恋之情自见。接下来两句，写词人对后约无期、犹恐美人已有所属的怅惘。妙他把杜牧《叹花》诗“自是寻春去太迟，不须惆怅怨芳时。狂风吹尽深红色，绿叶成阴子满枝”融化里面。词人这里遥想别易会难，聚少离多，待到他们重逢的那天，恐怕是花已成泥、叶已成阴、子已满枝了。意脉上承“娉娉嫋嫋，恰近十三馀”了。感情上低回婉转，一往情深，显得更加深沉、真挚。最后五句，表现自己的着恋之深，依慕之切。“心期”，指内心深处的期望。这里是申说人生实难，事与愿违，造物是那样地捉弄人，不让人把握自己的命运，实现自己的愿望。接着又以柳的飘拂依人，比喻自己的别情无极，依恋不已。虽千里之外，犹然频频回首，寻觅那折柳赠行者的倩影。
语淡而情深，意浓而韵远，非有这种实际生活的体验，是不能道出此中的委婉曲折的。妥溜又恰切，庄重又活泼，非功力深厚之妙笔，亦不能表达也。
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上一首：
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李白《
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赠别从甥高五》
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下一首：
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高适《
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赋得还山吟送沈四山人》
黄庭坚简介
唐代·黄庭坚的简介
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黄庭坚（1045.8.9-1105.5.24），字鲁直，号山谷道人，晚号涪翁，洪州分宁（今江西省九江市修水县）人，北宋著名文学家、书法家，为盛极一时的江西诗派开山之祖，与杜甫、陈师道和陈与义素有“一祖三宗”（黄庭坚为其中一宗）之称。与张耒、晁补之、秦观都游学于苏轼门下，合称为“苏门四学士”。生前与苏轼齐名，世称“苏黄”。著有《山谷词》，且黄庭坚书法亦能独树一格，为“宋四家”之一。
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